Inductor-generator for ignition purposes.



H. J. PODLEMK & T. E. PODLESAK. INDUOTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

APPLIOATIQN FILED JAN. 28, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Patented Sept. 19, 1911.

3141mm l'ov lmhm,

witnesses 5% X H. J. PODLEKK & T. E. PODLESAK.

INDUOTOR GENERATOR FOB IGNITION PURPOSES. APPLICATION FILED :TAN. 28, 1908.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

1 79 I r 7 Ea I ll v 5 2' I? I Q J t v Lu /Vihu'meo I 6 f" Patented Sept. 19, 1911.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY JOSEPH ronLEsAK,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND TESLA EMIL PODLESAK, OE MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY.

INDUCTOR-GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1911.

Original application filed September 25, 1901, Serial No. 76,559. Divided and this application filed January To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY JOSEPH Poo- LESAK and TESLA EMIL PODLESAK, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook, State of Illinois, and Morristown, county of Morris, State of New Jersey, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Inductor-Generators for Ignition Purposes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings. a

This invention relates to inductor alternators for ignition purposes. 7

It essentially pertains to inductor alternators capable of producing electrical effects suitable for the ignition of combustible charges in internal combustion motors.

It'is for a division of the subject matter shown and disclosed in our application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 76,559, filed Sep-- tember 25, 1901.

One of the objects of our invention is to suitably support and position the permanent magnets, employed to establish the magnetic field, without the necessity of drilling holes in them, or otherwise disarranging the molecules of the magnet metal so as to diminish the magneto-motive force of which the magnets are capable and to establish consequent poles within the magnets themselves.

Another object of our invention is to so arrange and correlate the permanent field magnets to the other elements of an inductor alternator, that in operation the permanent magnets will be kept magnetized and built up.

Still another object of our invention is to provide an inductor alternator which is readily adaptable to all classes of internal combustion motors, such as automobile, marine, and stationary motors, and to the special requirements of each class, and is readily adjustable for varying the period of generation of maximum electro-motive force relative to the position of a piston within an engine cylinder.

Figurel is a plan view of the relatively stationary part of an inductor alternator embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the inductor alternator shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an edge elevation and side elevationshowing one manner of con- SerialNo. 413,068.

structing the permanent magnets. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of still another .construction of permanent magnets. Fig. '5 is a view partly in edge elevation and partly in sec tion of the magnet shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a permanent magnet having a corrugated surface. .Fig. 7 is a plan view diagrammatically illustrating results which occur when holes are drilled in the magnets. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of one form of sheet metal punching or lamina of which the pole pieces of one of the inductor alternator-s hereinafter described, are made. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of another shape of pole piece punching or lamina. Fig. 10 s a plan View of the normally stationary part of a. modified form of an inductor alternator embodying our invention. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the inductor alternator shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of one style of inductor employed by us'in carrying out our invention. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an inductor-carrying disk with inductors embedded in it.

In the drawings-1 indicates a permanent magnet preferably horseshoe or U shaped in form. It is composed of as many magnet sections, arranged in a series, as may be required to establish the desired density of magnetic field.

4 is a frame, preferably of non-magnetic material, and employed to position and support in proper relation to each other the normally stationary parts of our inductor alternator.

9 is a clamp piece or cleat arranged to bear against the outermost magnet section in the series, and 7 are bolts or screws extending through said cleat and into the frame and adapted to bind or clamp the said frame and permanent magnet 1 to gether. In order to prevent displacement of the magnet sections in the series, relative to each other and to the said frame l;. we

have devised several ways of suitably shaping or forming and securing them. In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are shown U-shaped magnet sections havlng their -.edges sultably notched or recessed at 7 to receive the bolts 7 which 4 of the frame arrangement being cesses in which entire structure struction as an relative lateral shown in Figs. 4 and 5, so as to formdepressions a on one side of themagnet, and

corresponding projections b on the other.

When the magnet sections are thus formed, b on one magnet section register With and enter the corresponding next adjacent magnet The depressions on the projections depressions a in the section of the series. one face of the magnet ing projections on the and the correspond- We have shown V-shaped depressions and corresponding gated, as indicated in displacement of any of the frame 4:.

In Figs. 1 and 2 4 having an upward extension 4:

the yokes or toes of the magnet In this case,

chined, as a readily employed to fill up of the, said parts.

It will be clearly seen that many combinations of the several methods above re ferred to of securing the magnets immovably to the frame are possible, the exact determined by the particular case in hand.

-nated pole pieces 21 suitably secured.

21 are pole pieces composed of a suitable number of Figs. 8 and 9. Apair of these pole pieces is preferablyused, assembled, one at either side of a suitable center piece or spacing -piece 10 of 'non-magnetlc material, and suit-- ably bolted together by means of bolts This non-magnetic spacing piece 10 is suitably secured to the frame 4 by means of screws 11 and bolts 6, so as to hold the lamiin close magnetic contact with the ends or poles of'the perma nent magnets. Each one of the pole pieces has apair of polar projections 12,12, the former of which. serves as a coil core upon which a winding or coil 20 of insulated wire is slipped, and to which the said coil is The coil core 12, on each pole piece, is spaced by a suitable air gap frol'u the adjacent polar projection 12 on said pole piece/-The outer faces or polar faces of the said eetions 12 are other may be of any desired shape and form. In Figs. 1 and 2,

projections d, and troughshaped projections f. Both surfaces of the magnet sections may, if desired, be corru- Fig- 6, to accomplish .the same results of preventing the relative of the magnet sections we have shown aframe suitably recessed to receiveprojections or lugs 0 on sections. as 7 before described, the parts need not be accurately Ina-- fusible metal may be any cavity which may exist between the walls of the registering parts, and thus prevent relative movement punchings or laminae shown in polar projections l2, 12', l flux cn'lauating aeoaeee are suitably shaped to conform to the path of travel of a suitable inductor, hereinafter described. The polar faces on the polar projections 12 are designated by 2, and hereinafter referred to as exciting polar faces, and the polar faces on the polar prodesignated by 3, and hereinafter referred to as generating polar faces. 19 is an inductor, preferably formed of punchings or laminae of suitable metal. This inductor is adapted to be rotated so as to have one of its faces pass over and closely adjacent to the exciting polar faces 2 and the generating polar faces 3', or in other words, chanical conditions will permit. The inductor 19 may be caused to cross over or pass over the exciting polar faces and then the generating polar faces inany desired manner. 'In Fig. 2 we. have shown the exciting and generating polar faces on the pole. pieces, and the face of the inductor 19 which travels closely adjacent to them, shaped to conform to the arc of a circle about the axis of which the inductor is rotatable. Normally the lines of magnetic force emanate'in a scattered way, from all sides of the magnet for about one-half of its length from its free ends, .and some of these lines of force emanate from the pole pieces. The inductor 1 9, in operation, exciting polar faces 2 and causes the concentration of a dense flow of magnetic lines of force, 71. e., a substantial circuit between the polar projections 12 of the laminated pole pieces. The inductor then moves across the air gap between the exciting polar faces and the generating polar faces and causes a rapid and substantially complete diversion of the magnetic flux density, first concentrated across the exciting polar faces, into and through the coil cores 12 and across the generating polar faces, so as to establish a substantial magnetic short circuit across the generating polar faces. generating polar faces and the 'magnetic flux density through the induction windings is rapidly diminished, due to the fact that the lines of magnetic seek the path of least reluctance between the magnet poles.

With an inductor alternator constructed in accordance with our invention, the inductor does not at any time move sufliciently close to the limbs of the magnets themselves to draw or concentrate a dense magnetic flux across the limbs of the magnets above the poles thereof, but on the contrary, we have so constructed and arranged the elements of an inductor alternator for ignition purposes, that the inductor in its operation tends only to draw o1\iconeeutrate the magnetic f om the magnet poles at first spans the magnetic short force instantly as close to said polar faces as mcing to prevent the shifting of the said poles.

and to overcome the tendency of the said poles to shift, with the consequent loss of magneto-motive force by the magnets.

The electro-motive force is generated in the inductive windings 20, as in all dynamoelectric generators, by varying the magnetic flux density through the said windings. Theinductor 19 operates to cause a very rapid varying of the magnetic flux density by first establishing a substantial magnetic short circuit, 2'. e., by concentrating the magnetic flux at a point adjacent to but outside of the induction windings so that the magnetic flux density in the cores of said windings is practically zero, then quickly'divertingthe magnetic flux through the coil cores, and then, practically instantly, permitting the magnetic flux density in said coil cores to again drop to substantially zero.

Dis a disk for carrying an inductor or inductors 19, as many inductors being employed as are requisite to cause the generation-of electroemotive'force at the different intervals required. \Vith multi-cylinder motors, two or more inductors are used, there being one inductor for each cylinder, as will readily be understood, unless the periods of ignition of two or more of said cylinders occur at the same period of the stroke at alternate revolutions. In any case, an inductor must be provided and so arranged that it will pass over and span the generating lar .faces when the ignition of a combustible charge is required. When desired, for

the sake of appearance or greater safety, the inductor or inductors 19 may be embedded or inserted in a carrying disk or element of non-magnetic material.

The advantages of securing the sections of the permanent magnet together and to the frame ina'ccordance with our invention, are many. It is well known that wherethe magnets or magnet sections are drilled'1;-.-ror the purpose of connecting them to a frame by means of bolts or screws passed through holes, the metal is liable to crack around the holes, as illustrated in Fig. 7, when it is tempered or hardened. This cracking materially diminishes the efiiciency of the magnet, and sometimes destroys it entirely.

Where the inductors 19 are embedded in the wheel or disk D of non-magneticmaterial, carrying them, as shown in Fig. 13,

;when one of the inductors passes over or spans the polar faces of the polar extensions on the pole pieces opposite each other, it establishes a path of low magnetic reluctance for the magnetic flux emanating from the magnet. The section of non-magnetic material which next passes over the said polar faces is of such relatively high reluctance, that it will divert them etic flux from the polar projections in winch i has been concentrated by the inductor section preceding the said section of non-magnetic material.

What we claim is 1 In an inductor-generator for ignition purposes, magnet composed of sections, each section being provided with projections and dcpressions arranged to register with corresponding depressions an projections, re-

the combination of a permanent spectively, on the sections adjacent to it, a

pair of laminated pole-pieces, each in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet and each pole-piece provided with two polar projections, each of which terminates in curved polar faces, two coils of wire, each wound in inductive relation to one projection of each of said pole-pieces, a frame of non-magnetic material, means for bolding and fastening said pole-pieces to said' frame and in suitable relation to each other, devices for holding said magnet in magnetic contact with said pole-pieces and to said frame, an unwound movable inductor arranged to concentrate by its movements the magnetic flux first through the unwound polar projections and then through the wound polar projections of said pole-pieces.

2. In an inductor generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a suitable frame of non-magnetic material, a permanent magnet built up in sections, each section having recesses to receive parts of the connecting means between the magnet and the said frame, and having depressions an projections arranged to register with corresponding projections and depressions, respectively, on the sections adjacent to it, means for clamping the permanent magnet to the frame, including bolts arranged toenter the recesses in said magnet sections, laminated; pole pieces secured to said frame and each in magnetic contact with one of the poles-ofsaid magnet, induction windings in inductive relation to said pole pieces, and an unwound inductor movable relative to said pole pieces to vary the magnetic flux density in said induction windings.

3. In an inductor-generator for ignition pur oses, the combination of a permanent fiel -magnet, a pair of laminated polepieces in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet and having each a pair of polar projections, a non-magnetic support directly in contact with said pole-pieces, a winding surrounding one of the polar projections on each of said pole-pieces, the other polar projection on each pole-piece being unwound,

connections between said pole-pieces and said of the sections is prevented, a suitable frame of non-magnetic material, means for clamping the permanent magnet to the frame, laminated pole-pieces in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet, connections between said pole-pieces and said frame for rigidly clamping the pole-pieces. to the frame, said connections passing outside of the permanent magnet to avoid perforatingthe same, a winding on said pole-pieces, and an inductor movable in proximity to said polepieces'to vary the, magnetic flux through said Winding.

5. In an inductor generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a permanent.

magnet, a pair of laminated pole piecesy each held in magnetic contact with one of the poles of said magnet, extending laterall' therefrom and having a plurality of po ar projections with curved polar faces disposed at one side of the plane of the magnet and relatively remote from the poles of said magnet, two coils of wire, each in inductive relation to one polar projection on each pole piece, means formed of nonmagnetic material connecting the said pole pieces together and holding them suitably spaced apart and in contact with the poles of said magnet, and an unwound inductor movable relative to the polar faces of said ypolar pro ections, and adapted to concentrate the magnetic flux emanating from the poles of said magnet only between'said pole pieces, and alternately across the polar faces of the unwound and then the wound polar projections on said pole pieces.

6. In an inductor-generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a suitable frame of non-magnetic material, a permanent magnet composed of sections provided with recesses, each section having depressions and projections arranged to register with corresponding projections and depressions on the sections adjacent to it, means arranged to enter the recesses in said sections for clamping the laminate pole-pieces secured to said frame and each in magnetic contact with one of the poles of said magnet-,- a winding on said polepieces, and an inductor movable in proximity to said pole-pieces to vary the magnetic flux through said winding.

7. In an inductor-generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a permanent magnet composed of a plurality of sections provided with recesses, a frame of nonmagnetic material, means for clamping said frame and magnet together, said clamping polar projection's I through said winding.

(permanent magnet to the frame,

means including members fitted to enter said recesses, a filling of readily fusible metalbetween said members and the walls of the recesses for holding the members firmly in place, a pair of pole-pieces secured to said frame and each held in magnetic contact with one of the poles of said magnet, a pair of polar projections provided on each polepiece, a Winding on one of said polar projections, and an inductor movable in proximity to said polar projections to vary the magnetic flux through said winding. 8. In an inductor-generator for'ignition purposes, the combination of a frame of nonmagnetic material, a pair of pole-pieces secured to said frame and each provided with two polar projections, a Winding arranged on oneof said pole-pieces, a permanent field magnet composed of sections and having its poles in magnetic contact with said pole-pieces, connecting devices for holding said magnet to said frame, the sections of said magnet bei'n suitably recessed to receive parts of'sai connecting devices, and a movable inductor arranged to concentrate the .magn e tic flux alternately through one pair and then th ough the other pair of vary the magnetic flux 9. In a magnetic field structure, the combination of a permanent magnet, a pair of pole-pieces therefor, a non-magnetlc support having a flat engaging surface directly in contact with said pole-pieces and said magnet, and connections between said pole-pieces and said support for rigidly clamping the pole-pieces to said magnet and to said support. a

10. In a magnetic field structure, the combination of a permanent magnet of horseshoe shape,"a' pair of pole-pieces provided with extensions adapted to rest upon the face of said magnet, a non-magnetic support directly in contact with said pole-pieces, and connecting members secured to said extensions and to said support for rigidly clamping the pole-pieces to said magnet andto sald support.

11. In a magnetic field structure, the combination of a permanent magnet provided with recesses, a non-magnetic support for said magnet, a fastening device including bolts arranged to enter said recesses for clamping the magnet to the frame, and a filling metal cast around the bolts in said recesses whereby the magnet and the fastening device are rigidly connected together.

12. In an inductor-generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a suitable support of non-magnetic material, a permanent magnet composed of sections provided with recesses, laminated pole-pieces secured to said support and in magnetic contact with the poles'of said magnet, means arranged to enter said recesses for clamping and holdthe magnetic flux through the winding.

13. In an inductor-generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a suitable frame of non-magnetic material, a permanent magnet composed of sections, each sect1on having depressions and pro ectlons arranged -to register with corresponding pro-- jections and depressions on the sections adjacent to it, .means for clamping said magnet to the frame, laminated pole-pieces in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet, a winding on one of said pole-pieces, and an inductor movable in proximity to'said pole-pieces to vary the magnetic flux through said winding.

14. In an inductor generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a frame of non-magnetic material, a pair of pole-pieces secured to said frame and each provided with two polar projections, two coils of wire, one in inductive relation to one of said proj ections on each pole-piece, a permanent field magnet composed of sections and having its poles in magnetic contact with each said pole-piece, connecting devices for holding said magnet in magnetic contact with said pole-pieces, the sections of said magnet being suitably recessed to receive parts of said connecting devices, and a movable inductor 7 arranged to concentrate themagnetic flux alternately through one pair and then through the other pair of polar projections to vary the magnetic flux through said coils of wire.

15. In an inductor generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a frame of-nonmagnetic material, a pole-piece secured to said frame and provided with two polar projections, a coil of wire in inductive relation to one of said projections, a permanent-field magnet composed of sections and having its poles in magnetic contact with said pol epiece, connecting devices for holding sald magnet in magnetic contact with said polepiece, the sections of said magnet being suitablyrecessed to receive parts of said connecting devices, and a movable inductor arranged to concentrate the magnetic flux alternately through one and then through the other of the polar projections to vary the magnetic flux through said coil of wire.

In witness whereof we afiix our signatures, in the presence of two witnesses.

HENRY JOSEPH PODLESAK. TESLA EMIL PODLESAK.

Witnesses to the signature of Henry Joseph Podlesak:

Y. TOMA EK,

Witnesses to the signature of Tesla Emil Podlesak:

LILLIAN B. SHERMAN,

JOHN H. BONSALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0. 

